Net metering & export compensation
No statewide net-metering mandate. Alabama Power offers a buy-back at avoided cost only, and for years assessed a monthly 'backup capacity' charge (~$5/kW) on solar customers; that charge was challenged at the Alabama PSC. TVA territory (north Alabama) follows TVA's Dispersed Power Production rules, not retail net metering.
Interconnection process
Alabama Power and TVA both require a signed interconnection agreement, UL 1741-listed inverter, and an external AC disconnect for any system that can export. There is no simplified small-systems pathway sized for plug-in kits.
Permitting & inspection
Local building departments handle electrical permits. Most AHJs follow a recent NEC edition and require a permanently wired PV circuit; a cord-and-plug install is unlikely to pass inspection.
Utilities operating in this state
Alabama Power, TVA local power companies (Huntsville Utilities, Decatur Utilities, etc.), Alabama Electric Cooperative members.
Electrical code (NEC) considerations
The U.S. National Electrical Code (NEC) does not have a listed pathway for backfeeding a standard 120 V receptacle from a solar inverter. Article 705 covers interconnected power production sources and generally expects a dedicated, breakered, labeled circuit. Many AHJs that follow NEC 2017/2020/2023 will not approve a cord-and-plug PV connection on that basis, regardless of state policy.
HOA, landlord & solar access
Check your lease, HOA covenants, and condo rules. Many states have a 'solar access' or 'solar rights' law that limits HOA restrictions on rooftop PV, but those statutes were written for permanent installations and rarely mention plug-in or balcony kits explicitly. Renters almost always need written landlord permission.
Official sources to consult
- DSIRE — state policies & incentives
- Alabama PSC
- Alabama Power — Renewable Generation
- Your specific utility's interconnection application and net metering / net billing tariff
- Your local building department (the AHJ that will inspect any work)
Bottom line for plug-in solar buyers in Alabama
Even where state policy is favorable, U.S. utilities and inspectors generally do not recognize a cord-and-plug PV connection. If you want to be fully code-compliant and earn export credits, plan on a permitted, hard-wired install by a licensed electrician with a signed interconnection agreement. Off-grid uses (running a single appliance, charging a battery, RV/shed power) avoid most of these rules but still need to follow product instructions and basic electrical safety.