Net metering & export compensation
C.R.S. § 40-2-124 and PUC Rule 3664 require Xcel and Black Hills to offer 1:1 retail net metering. Cooperatives and munis set their own (most offer some form of NEM).
Interconnection process
PUC Rule 3667 small-generator interconnection procedures; Level 1 fast-track for inverter-based systems up to 25 kW.
Permitting & inspection
Local building departments; many have adopted SolarAPP+ for instant permitting on standard rooftop systems.
Utilities operating in this state
Xcel Energy, Black Hills Energy, Colorado Springs Utilities, Platte River Power Authority members, Tri-State cooperatives.
Electrical code (NEC) considerations
The U.S. National Electrical Code (NEC) does not have a listed pathway for backfeeding a standard 120 V receptacle from a solar inverter. Article 705 covers interconnected power production sources and generally expects a dedicated, breakered, labeled circuit. Many AHJs that follow NEC 2017/2020/2023 will not approve a cord-and-plug PV connection on that basis, regardless of state policy.
HOA, landlord & solar access
Check your lease, HOA covenants, and condo rules. Many states have a 'solar access' or 'solar rights' law that limits HOA restrictions on rooftop PV, but those statutes were written for permanent installations and rarely mention plug-in or balcony kits explicitly. Renters almost always need written landlord permission.
Official sources to consult
- DSIRE — state policies & incentives
- Colorado PUC
- Your specific utility's interconnection application and net metering / net billing tariff
- Your local building department (the AHJ that will inspect any work)
Bottom line for plug-in solar buyers in Colorado
Even where state policy is favorable, U.S. utilities and inspectors generally do not recognize a cord-and-plug PV connection. If you want to be fully code-compliant and earn export credits, plan on a permitted, hard-wired install by a licensed electrician with a signed interconnection agreement. Off-grid uses (running a single appliance, charging a battery, RV/shed power) avoid most of these rules but still need to follow product instructions and basic electrical safety.